• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) having at least one, preferably a plurality of battery cells (100) which are substantially plate-like and surrounded by a foam structure (200), wherein the foam structure (200) at least two Foam layers (201, 202, 203, 204) having the same or different mechanical, physical and / or chemical properties.
    公开号:AT515315A4
    申请号:T50053/2014
    申请日:2014-01-28
    公开日:2015-08-15
    发明作者:Markus Ing Kores；Harald Dipl Ing Fh Stütz；Michael Ing Körösi；Dietmar Ing Niederl；Martin Dipl Ing Fh Michelitsch；Theo Volck；David Fink
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a battery module with at least one, preferably a plurality of battery cells, which are formed substantially plate-like and surrounded by a foam structure.
    In batteries, which are used in particular in vehicles, for example, for their drive, it is necessary to protect the usually sensitive battery cells from mechanical damage. Thus, EP 0 631 338 A1 describes a battery having a battery housing, in which a plurality of battery cells are accommodated, wherein the battery housing is made of a plastic foam structure.
    In US 2007/259258 Al a battery assembly is described, which also consists of a plurality of battery modules with individual cells, each battery module is foamed in the housing.
    The foam structure in battery modules numerous demands are made. Thus, in addition to its primary function, namely to protect the battery cell or the battery module against mechanical damage, for example, have fire-retardant properties, be mechanically stable enough to accommodate installations such as cooling ducts, busbars, etc., a good heat balance and protection against current flashovers and short circuits offer, and much more.
    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a battery module of the type mentioned with a foam structure that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, while meeting the many different requirements.
    This object is achieved in that the foam structure has at least two foam layers with the same or different mechanical, physical and / or chemical properties. The application of several foam layers has the advantage that the layer thicknesses of the individual foam layers is lower, so that less heat is produced during foaming and thus can be dissipated more easily. Excessive heat input into the battery cells can damage them and is therefore undesirable.
    In a first embodiment of the invention, the foam structure has a first foam layer which at least partially surrounds at least one battery cell, and preferably has fire-retardant properties. This fire-retarding property can be achieved, for example, by replacing the blowing agent necessary for producing the foam structure during foaming of the battery cell by a fire-retardant gas or by an inert gas. Likewise, the foaming under a protective gas atmosphere prevents air pockets, which can have a fire-supporting effect in the event of a malfunction. Alternatively, it can be provided that the first foam layer is designed such that it releases a protective gas or other fire-retardant substances in case of fire. The at least one battery cell is here either partially foamed, wherein preferably the cell poles remain free to facilitate the contacting or are completely surrounded by this first foam layer.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, a foam layer is provided as the second foam layer, which is designed as a load-bearing or structure-forming layer for different installations or components. This second foam layer, which usually also has a greater thickness than the first foam layer, is characterized in particular by its mechanical stability, which allows the inclusion of different internals. As internals, for example, cooling lines, heat conducting plates, electrical lines, electrical and mechanical connecting elements, sensors and / or control elements can be arranged in this second foam layer. In this case, it is particularly preferred that this foam layer has a sufficient tracking resistance, so that foamed electrical components do not have to have their own insulation. In the foam directly, for example, coolant leakage or Ventingkanäle be formed. The structural stability of this layer also protects against damage to the cells or components during transport and installation in the vehicle and can absorb energy in the event of a crash.
    Most battery cells are sensitive to temperatures above 80 ° C. It must therefore be avoided to heat the cells during lathering beyond this temperature. It is therefore provided in a further embodiment of the invention that between the first foam layer and second
    Foam layer at least one further foam layer is arranged. Since the heat generated during the foaming process depends on the layer thickness, ie on the mass of reacting material, it may be necessary to apply several thin layers of foam to the cell instead of one thick layer. This situation can also be improved during the manufacturing process by a cooled foam mold.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, an additional outer, fourth layer is connected, which serves the EMC protection, so that no electromagnetic energy can disturb the foamed control and / or sensors. It is provided that this foam layer is formed electrically conductive, for example, by incorporating conductive particles in the foam layer and / or conductive fabric and / or conductive coatings are applied to this layer. Of course, this foam layer must have a suitable connection to the electrical ground. Alternatively, an electrically conductive element, for example in the form of a grid, mesh or the like, may also be embedded in the foam layer.
    To prevent condensation, the foam structure according to the invention has a vapor barrier. This additional, or combined with the EMC protective layer layer has the task of protecting the underlying foam layers with the components therein, in particular against the effects of weather such as humidity. The preparation of this layer is preferably carried out under a protective gas atmosphere, wherein air inclusions are particularly preferably avoided. Likewise, it can be provided that moisture-repellent layers such as films, lacquers, and / or nano-coatings are applied.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least two foam layers are arranged separable from each other around the at least one battery cell. Due to the separability of the at least two foam layers from one another, in particular when recycling the battery module according to the invention or when exchanging defective components, a simpler separation of the individual components can take place.
    This separability is, for example, designed such that the at least one first foam layer has an at least partially structured surface that is complementary to an at least partially structured surface of the adjacent second foam layer. These structured surfaces can be designed here in particular as toothings.
    Additionally or alternatively, during the production of the individual foam layers separating means between two adjacent foam layers but also between the components and the foam layers may be arranged, which are applied during the Einschäumvorganges and facilitate a later division of the individual foam layers.
    In a further embodiment of the invention separation aids such as wires, tabs or parts are incorporated into the foam structure. By pulling on these separation aids the foam structure is divided and allows removal of individual areas of the foamed battery module. Likewise, markings may be provided at locations where mechanical separation of the foam structure is safely possible. Likewise, it can be provided that at least one foam layer of the foam structure has at least one predetermined breaking point.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to non-limiting exemplary embodiments with associated figures. Show in it
    Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a foamed battery cell in a sectional view, and
    2 shows a second embodiment of the invention with foamed-in battery modules,
    3 shows a section through a foamed battery module with cells and foamed components,
    4 shows a section through a cooling channel with Wärmeleitblechen,
    5 shows a section through a foamed module with integrated sensors or a control board, and
    6 shows a section through a module in a foaming mold with a cooling possibility.
    As shown in FIG. 1, a battery cell 100 with a cell pole 101 is surrounded by a foam structure 200 consisting of individual foam layers 201, 202, 203, 204. In this case, the first foam layer 201 encloses the battery cell 100 in its entirety and, in this embodiment of the invention, is designed as a fire protection layer, for example made of soft polyurethane foam with flame-retardant agents.
    Alternatively, the cell poles 101 of the individual battery cells 100 may be free and thereby protrude through the individual foam layers in order to enable a subsequent electrical connection of the cells 100. If the cell poles 101 are subsequently connected, for example by means of clinching, they are subsequently covered by a further foam layer or an insulation element (not shown).
    Adjoining the first foam layer 201 is a second foam layer 203, for example of epoxy foam, which has a smaller thickness than the first layer 201. This foam layer 203 has the improvement of the thermal protection of the battery cell 100 from overheating during the Einschäumvorganges task. It may be necessary to apply a plurality of thin layers of the same or a different foam in order to realize the lowest possible heat input into the battery cell 100 during foaming.
    The subsequent foam layer 202 of polypropylene or polyamide foam with the greatest thickness has a higher mechanical rigidity and has the primary task to absorb the majority of the energy under mechanical stress. Furthermore, further components such as cooling channels, heat conducting sheets, sensors, control elements, electrical lines, support structures or the like may be arranged in this foam layer 202 (see FIG. 3).
    As the outermost foam layer 204, which consists for example of a polyurethane integral foam with a vapor-deposited aluminum layer, in this variant, an EMC protection with vapor barrier is provided which shields on the one hand from any electromagnetic interference and on the other hand protects against moisture from the environment.
    FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of three different battery modules 300a, 300b, 300c, which each have four battery cells 100 with associated cell poles 101. Between each two battery cells 100 is a thickness compensation element 102, a so-called " Compression Pad " arranged. Furthermore, cooling plates 103 are provided, which divert the heat generated during the foaming or operation of the battery modules 300a, 300b, 300c to air cooling channels 104 or coolant channels 105. Both air channel 104 and coolant channel 105 may be formed here as foamed pipes, or may be formed directly from the foam material used during the Einschäumprozesses, as shown in Fig. 4.
    Each battery module 300a, 300b, 300c is surrounded by a foam structure 200 with a first foam layer 201, which is designed as a fire protection layer. At the same time, this foam layer 201 in the first battery module 300a encloses the cell poles 101 of the battery cells 100 and thus protects them from moisture and thus from short-circuits. If the cell poles 101 are surrounded by the first foam layer 201, the electrical connection of the battery cells 100 must take place before the foaming process.
    The first foam layer 201 is adjoined by a further, second foam layer 202 into which a copper grid 205 is foamed as EMC protection. This second foam layer 202 is structuring the foam structure 200 according to the invention and in particular also serves to accommodate various components, such as the inclusion of connection elements 301, which are foamed into this foam layer 202 and the attachment of the battery modules 300 a, 300 b, 300 c to the environment, serve for example on a vehicle frame.
    In the second foam layer 202 further busbars 106 are foamed, also the second foam layer 202 in the two
    Battery modules 300b, 300c as cover elements 202b, 202c designed for cell sealing.
    In the case of the middle battery module 300b, the first foam layer 201 and the second foam layer 202 are connected to one another via a toothing 206, wherein a release agent applied to this boundary allows easy separation of the two foam layers 201, 202. Furthermore, a control module 107 is arranged below the cover element 202b, wherein the cover element 202b can be removed by way of a predetermined breaking point 207. Likewise, a possible overpressure inside the battery module 300b can escape via this predetermined breaking point 207.
    In the case of the third battery module 300c, the second foam layer 202 also has a drainage channel 108, via which coolant can be discharged from the battery module 300c in the event of a leak of the coolant channel 105.
    FIG. 3 shows a foamed battery module 300 with a cell stack consisting of a multiplicity of battery cells 100. In its foam structure 200 busbars 106, coolant channels 105 and a mounting structure 109 are foamed. In this figure, the foam structure 200 is not shown as the multi-layer system according to the invention for the sake of clarity.
    FIG. 5 shows in a detailed view the arrangement of a control module 107 or a sensor unit within the multilayer foam structure 200 according to the invention. In this case, the battery cells 100 are surrounded by a first foam layer 201 and a second foam layer 202, wherein the first foam layer 201 simultaneously acts as a thickness compensation element between the individual battery cells 100. In this case, the cell poles 101 of the individual battery cells 100 protrude from the first foam layer 201 and penetrate a further foam layer 203, into which the control module 107 is further foamed in, when released. A fourth foam layer 204 eventually surrounds the battery module 300 and functions as a module housing.
    FIG. 6 shows a battery module 300 during the foaming process, wherein cooling channels 401 are provided in a foaming mold 400, which serve for heat removal (arrows) during the foaming process. At the same time, heat is introduced from the immediate vicinity of the temperature-sensitive battery cells 100 via the cooling plates 103 into the coolant circulating in the coolant channels 105 and also removed.
    It is understood that the above-described embodiments are not restrictive. In particular, the type, number and sequence of the various foam layers may vary from application to application. Likewise, various components can be foamed into the individual layers. It is essential to the invention that the foam structure has at least two different foam layers.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) having at least one, preferably a plurality of battery cells (100), which are substantially plate-like and surrounded by a foam structure (200), characterized in that the foam structure (200) at least two foam layers (201, 202, 203, 204) having the same or different mechanical, physical and / or chemical properties.
    [2]
    2. Battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam structure (200) has a first foam layer (201) which at least partially encloses at least one battery cell (100), and preferably has fire-retardant properties.
    [3]
    3. Battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the foam structure (200) has a second foam layer (202), as a supporting layer for different installations (103, 104, 105, 106 , 107, 108, 205, 301).
    [4]
    4. battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the first foam layer (201) and second foam layer (202), a further, third foam layer (203) is arranged, the better Heat transfer is used.
    [5]
    5. battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in addition an outer fourth foam layer (204) connects to the second foam layer (202), which serves the EMC protection, and preferably has a vapor barrier.
    [6]
    6. Battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least two foam layers (201, 202, 203, 204) are arranged separable from each other around the at least one battery cell (100).
    [7]
    7. Battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one first foam layer (201) has an at least partially structured surface (206) which is complementary to an at least partially structured surface (206) of the adjacent second foam layer (202).
    [8]
    8. battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that separating aids such as wires, straps or ropes are incorporated into the foam structure (202).
    [9]
    9. battery module (300, 300a, 300b, 300c) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one foam layer (201, 202, 203, 204) of the foam structure (200) has at least one predetermined breaking point (207). 2014 01 28 Ha
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    AT515315B1|2015-08-15|battery module
    EP2661784B1|2017-06-07|Controlling the temperature of galvanic cells by means of heat-conducting plastics compounds
    DE102010013150A1|2011-09-29|Device for thermal insulation of e.g. lead acid battery utilized in engine component of hybrid car, has battery arranged at distance from inner surfaces of base part, side panel and upper part of housing
    DE102015202149B3|2016-08-11|Electric energy storage with efficient heat dissipation
    AT513127B1|2014-02-15|Electric energy storage
    DE102011120010A1|2013-06-06|Battery e.g. traction battery for e.g. electric vehicle, has energy absorbing protection element that is arranged at outer side of housing portion which is provided with single cells which are electrically connected with each other
    DE102008059971A1|2010-06-10|Battery i.e. lithium-ion battery, for e.g. vehicle with hybrid drive, has battery component arranged at pole end of cooling plate and fully or partially enclosed by electrically isolated protective layer
    DE102017206663A1|2018-10-25|Battery pack and electric vehicle
    DE102016214640A1|2018-02-08|Battery module for a battery of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle
    DE102019112603A1|2019-11-21|Battery and vehicle equipped with such a battery
    WO2014187680A1|2014-11-27|Battery cell assembly
    DE102012222876A1|2014-06-12|Energy storage with safety coating
    DE102008049890A1|2010-04-22|Surface component for e.g. sliding roof, of passenger car, has solar cell arrangement provided with cover layer on external side of vehicle, and supporting layers produced in lightweight composite construction
    AT515538B1|2015-10-15|Method for arranging a battery within a vehicle
    AT515312B1|2015-08-15|battery module
    DE102014008000A1|2015-11-26|accumulator
    DE102013219969A1|2015-04-02|Housing for electrical and electronic vehicle components, vehicle battery and power electronics or control electronics module
    DE3232487A1|1984-03-01|Protective device for batteries, preferably for vehicle batteries
    DE102014222173A1|2016-05-04|Battery cell and use thereof
    DE102017001097A1|2018-08-09|Electrically conductive foil
    DE102010055614A1|2012-06-28|Housing for receiving unit battery cells i.e. lithium ion cell, of traction battery of electrically driven vehicle, has material layers, where one material layer is provided with polymer material, and hollow spaces formed between two layers
    DE102019216476A1|2020-10-29|Device for cooling a battery for a vehicle
    DE102018218865A1|2020-05-07|Housing for a battery cell, battery cell and method for producing the same
    DE202017000997U1|2018-05-09|Electrically conductive foil
    DE102014206868A1|2015-10-15|Housing for an energy storage device, energy storage device with such a housing and method for its preparation
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2015113858A2|2015-08-06|
    AT515315B1|2015-08-15|
    WO2015113858A3|2015-09-24|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP2166597A1|2008-09-17|2010-03-24|Li-Tec Battery GmbH|Accumulator|
    EP2639853A2|2012-03-14|2013-09-18|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba|Secondary battery device|
    AT513127A4|2012-08-21|2014-02-15|Avl List Gmbh|Electric energy storage|DE102020117928A1|2020-07-07|2022-01-13|Webasto SE|Battery pack for integration into a battery module and method for producing a battery pack|US4174014A|1975-12-29|1979-11-13|Bjorksten Johan A|Shock absorbent electric vehicle and batteries|
    JPH0737567A|1993-07-19|1995-02-07|Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd|Heat insulating device for battery|
    US20110192564A1|2009-12-21|2011-08-11|Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation|Thermally conductive foam material|
    DE102011052513A1|2011-08-09|2013-02-14|Rehau Ag + Co.|Battery housing part for receiving a traction battery of an electric vehicle and method for producing the battery housing part|
    KR20130062197A|2011-12-02|2013-06-12|삼성에스디아이 주식회사|Battery pack and method of manufacturing thereof|
    US20130216867A1|2012-01-26|2013-08-22|Li-Tec Battery Gmbh|Electrochemical energy converter device with a cell housing, battery with at least two of these electrochemical energy converter devices and alsomethod for producing an electrochemical energy converter device|DE102017130558A1|2017-12-19|2019-06-19|Webasto SE|battery system|
    DE102018203921A1|2018-03-14|2019-09-19|Audi Ag|motor vehicle|
    DE102018216894A1|2018-10-02|2020-04-02|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft|Support element with at least one electrical and / or electronic component and assembly with such a support element|
    法律状态:
    2021-09-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20210128 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50053/2014A|AT515315B1|2014-01-28|2014-01-28|battery module|ATA50053/2014A| AT515315B1|2014-01-28|2014-01-28|battery module|
    PCT/EP2015/050937| WO2015113858A2|2014-01-28|2015-01-20|Battery module|
    [返回顶部]